This course focusses on the relationship between media, representation and power. We engage closely with the most influential cultural theories of modern times, putting them to work to understand how power operates through forms of mediation in late capitalist societies. We address these issues through analysis of a contemporary cultural phenomena ranging from the food poverty to the spectacular brand management of the British royal family, from Pride parades to our culture’s obsession with weight. We focus on a range of media including advertising, film, photography, multimedia art, theme parks, news media, social media and the internet.

Example topics covered include:

• Photography, beauty and ‘truth’
• Nationalism and spectacle
• Bodies and representation
• Capitalism, consumer culture and the branded self
• Art and the politics of representation
• Postmodern culture, simulation and war
• Queer theory and queer cultures
• Marxist theory, media and work

Since real life problems are often complex, multiple types of data can be useful in understanding them. You will be given the opportunity to develop practical skills while undertaking pilot research on a real world problem.

This module aims to prepare you for an Independent Dissertation project in your final year. It is designed around active learning - helping you to develop skills to do your own research. Lectures address cross-cutting methodological debates as well as established methods (such as interviewing, discourse analysis, ethnography and quantitative surveys).

Most of your time, however, is spent in seminars where you will try out methods such as interviewing, analysing media texts, and doing observation on campus. There are ample opportunities for feedback as you develop ideas for your project-based final assessment, and build diverse skills to support your final year dissertation.

This module explores the question of how information and communications technologies, in their multiple forms, figure in our everyday lives. The aim of the module is to develop an appreciation for the range of experiences affected by digital media, including the progressive expansion of life online, and the increasingly intimate relations between life online and off. We’ll explore global divisions of digital labour; hactivism. The module will consider the new possibilities that the changing social infrastructure of digital technologies afford, while also learning to look at the rhetorics and practices of the virtual with a questioning and critical eye. Throughout the course we’ll be attentive to issues of gender, race and other marks of sameness and difference as they operate among humans, and between humans and machines.

Documentary Film Practice is a practice-based module. You’ll work in small groups to make a short documentary film. In order to take this module you must have taken Documentary Cultures in your first year. The module builds on knowledge acquired.

By undertaking a practical project in Documentary Film Practice, students are expected to apply theoretical knowledge gained in the Documentary Cultures module to a practical project. As well as applying theory to practice, the module aims to enhance your filmmaking skills, with training provided for camera operation, sound recording and editing skills. You will also have the opportunity to develop skills in group work.

This module explores different approaches to both the analysis and the production of documentary film. As well as considering a range of styles of documentary film, typically including expository, poetic, observational, reflexive, political, and personal modes of documentary film, you will also examine key debates concerning the ethics of documentary filmmaking. An indicative list of film screenings includes Nanook of the North, Grey Gardens, Dont Look Back [sic], The Arbor, Sans Soleil, Fahrenheit 9/11, The Gleaners and I, and The Act of Killing.

The module aims to develop an understanding of historically important European films from the 1950s to the 1980s and the stylistic and historical significance of these films. It will explore the thematic importance of these films and consider the critical debates relating to this period of filmmaking enabling students to develop a critical understanding of the conditions of production, reception and distribution of these films.

This module examines a historical genre that now occupies the economic centre of Hollywood film production. The module focuses centrally on film and comic book aesthetics; on questions of narration and visual depiction in these two related media; on the shifting norms of this film genre in relation to technological change across history; and on the significance and uses of the comic-book film in society. The module develops ideas and skills introduced in the core Film Studies modules taken as part of the film studies and combined degrees.

The media are hugely influential in shaping, reflecting and challenging gendered power relations. Feminist theorists have been attentive to the ways in which our lives are mediated, suggesting that we construct and perform our identities in relation to media representations of gender, sexuality and the body.

This module focusses on these issues, exploring some of the key cultural, social and political questions surrounding gender, sexuality and the media. The module draws on key concepts to explore how gender works across a wide range of media platforms. Specific media studied include film, advertising, fashion media and celebrity culture, politics, television genres such as reality television and soap opera, and gaming and digital media.

This core module has two main objectives. Firstly, it is designed to develop further your analytical skills in order to examine individual films in greater detail. Secondly, it is intended to encourage you to understand world cinema in relation to a variety of social, cultural, political and industrial contexts.

The module will explore such issues as the relationship between film form and modes of production (from industrial film-making through to low-budget art film), theories of film style and aesthetics, and the political function of cinema.

The module consists of two interwoven strands, one strand focusing on various modes of American film production, the other exploring films from a number of different national traditions. Across the whole module, you will gain a thorough grasp not only of the historical factors shaping various national and international cinemas, but also of some key critical and theoretical concepts within the field of film studies.

Family and intimate relationships form a crucial part of everyday social life. We are born into family and intimate relationships. We establish, maintain and dissolve family and intimate bonds over the life course. We navigate our changing relationship with parents, siblings, and relatives. We establish, maintain and re-establish intimate ties with partners and perhaps children.

But what are ‘families’? What makes intimate relationships ‘intimate’? How do people date, marry, separate, divorce, and re-partner? How do people ‘do’ families and intimacy in the everyday vicissitudes of match-making, romance, conflicts, care, money, domestic labour, and power? Why do people practise families and intimacy as they do? How do broader social, economic, political and cultural institutions configure our ‘private’ lives? How do the ways in which we relate to family members and intimate others shape the societies in which we live?

In an increasingly interconnected world, family and intimate relationships — personal and private as they are — are increasingly shaped by social forces operating on a global scale. The changing forms and practices of families and intimacy also help shape social trends as grandeur as globalisation.

In this module, we explore theoretical and empirical issues pertaining to the resilience and transformation of family and intimate relationships in a global context.

Everyday life is often described as bombarding us with images, and contemporary culture is therefore frequently understood as a visual culture.

• What do such statements actually mean?
• How far is our culture a visual culture?
• What role do media play in a visual culture?
• How is vision linked to practices – including representation, the gaze and embodiment – of power and inequality?
• In what ways might these practices be challenged or resisted? Does vision only involve seeing, or is visual culture multi-sensory?

This module will introduce theories and practices that have addressed these questions. Examples of topics studied include:

• The relationship between vision and knowledge
• The gaze and power (eg the gaze as gendered and raced)
• Media, representation and identity
• Technologies of vision
• Material practices of vision
• Vision as multi-sensory.

On this module you will have the opportunity to gain a critical understanding of recent and ongoing themes in Media and Cultural Studies and Sociology on the topic of vision and visuality, media and culture, develop different reading and writing skills and participate in lively discussions and analytical exercises.

This module focuses on racism and racial formations in the world today in both historical and contemporary perspectives. We will consider how ideas of race are historically constructed and look at how racism takes on different forms. Topics may include: the slave trade, colonialism and imperialism; ‘everyday racism’; structural racism; the social construction of ‘whiteness’; anti-racists politics and movements. The aim of the course is for you to gain an overview of various sociological approaches to explaining ‘race’, but also to gain an understanding of how such theories make a difference in the world today.

In the Short Film Production module you will develop, produce and complete a short dramatic film. You will be taught and given the opportunity to follow industry standard practices throughout your project. You’ll participate in at least two class productions as both a key role member (roles like Writer/Director, Producer, Cinematographer, Art Director, and Sound Designer/Editor) and a minor role member (roles like Assistant Director, Script Supervisor, Assistant Camera, Gaffer, Grip, Sound Recordist, Boom Operator, and etc.). You’ll keep a production diary outlining your individual contributions, and be given the opportunity to gain real world experience of what working on a film production is like in the various roles. You’ll write up your experiences in an essay critically analysing the production process and outcomes.

You will need to have completed Introduction to Film Studies to take this module.

Television remains one of the most pervasive and prevalent communication mediums. It shapes how we perceive and make sense of the nation, and offers representational frameworks through which a sense of identity and community can be constructed. Television has its critics - who consider it vulgar, mundane, stupefying, 'chewing gum for the eyes' - yet despite consistent predictions of its decline, television appears to have weathered the storm of fragmentation and digitalisation and remains a crucial media site that shapes national values and debate. This module introduces students to the field of television studies, its empirical and theoretical tools and the critical perspectives that help us explore and evaluate the recent history of television and explore its possible futures.

Media is increasingly experienced transculturally. Those with good internet connections can access media from all over the globe. Our media is also increasingly produced transculturally, with influences from global cultures. In this module, we consider the opportunities and challenges of studying media in a transnational context. Designed specifically for international students, we reflect on how you navigate your experiences of studying media in different countries, intellectual environments, and academic systems. The module will provide opportunities for you to draw on the strength of your own transcultural backgrounds, your international and cross-cultural media experiences and understandings to decolonise media studies.

This module is only available to international students from designated partner universities and programmes who have not taken Part 1 in Lancaster.

What does it mean to be global? How can we navigate global structures of power and meaning in and with media?

You will explore media products from different regions to prepare you for researching and working in a global media landscape. This includes exploring how issues of identity, 'race' and postcoloniality come into play in debates about globalisation.

This module comprises a written dissertation (8,000 words) or a media project (4,000 words + practical project) that students will complete in their final year. It offers students the opportunity to undertake an independent piece of research (under supervision) and to apply their understanding of key concepts, theories and debates in media and culture to their own individual dissertation or project.

Students will plan, present and design a proposal in tutorial groups, with a detailed, step-by-step web-based guide available for extra support. They will develop an idea for a research project, work out what is possible, which methods to use, and begin to plan it. They will then communicate their dissertation proposal to other students and then write it up in a way that clearly states their research topic, aims and methods, and where it situates within wider sociological debates.

Students will carry out data collection and analysis, and write it up as a dissertation. They will meet regularly with their supervisors to discuss their progress. Media projects may include creative/journalistic writing, audio production, video materials, artefacts, photographs or online campaigns, materials and environments.

This module explores the history and theory of African American cinema, primarily since the 1960s, focussing on the complicated relationship between this filmmaking tradition and mainstream (Hollywood) projections of blackness. Chronologically organized, it starts with the work of Oscar Micheaux and the “race” films of the 1920s and 1930s, ending with films made in the context of the Black Lives Matter movement, such as Dee Rees’s Pariah and Mudbound,Tyler Perry’s Madea franchise, Ava DuVernay’s Selma and 13th, Boots Riley’s Sorry to Bother You, and Ryan Cooglar’s Fruitvale Station and Black Panther.

On the way to the 21st century, you will examine the cross-over stardom of Sidney Poitier (In the Heat of the Night, Guess Who’s Coming to Dinner) in the context of the civil rights movement in the 1950s and 1960s, the rise of blaxploitation cinema (Sweet Sweetback’s Baadasssss Song, Shaft, Superfly, Coffy and The Spook Who Sat by the Door) in the context of Black Power in the late 1960s and the political disillusionment of the 1970s. Blaxploitation’s commercial breakthrough is compared to films by members of the “Los Angeles Rebellion”, such as Julie Dash (Daughters of the Dust), Charles Burnett (Killer of Sheep) and Haile Gerima (Bush Mama), who strived for an alternative independent black film aesthetic.

These contrasting legacies are connected to the rise of hip hop cinema in the 1980s and 1990s, in the work of Spike Lee (Do the Right Thing), John Singleton (Boyz N the Hood) and the Hughes Brothers (Menace II Society).

In the 21st century, environmental crises are being urgently addressed by social sciences as much as they are by the physical sciences. However, these crises are still largely framed as human problems, with human solutions, notably with an emphasis on conservation and biodiversity focusses on the cultural and environmental impacts of extinction for humans. This module introduces students to the idea of “more-than-human” theory that centres animals as agents and subjects in social research - and in society more broadly. Animals have always been a part of society; as companions, workers, food, and entertainment.

This module explores core socio-environmental ideas and analyses the ways in which social thought can be productively extended through the inclusion of animals within it. The module provides a critique of human-animal relations in society and offers students the opportunity to reflect and consider how they might be different, drawing on case studies from across time and geographies. This module showcases core sociological ideas and recasts them through the lens of the animal. In doing so, it encourages students to expand and further their sociological imaginations to understand and critique the relationship between animals, environment, and society. Using more familiar ideas, such as capitalism, power, labour, and decolonisation, this module situates animals as part of a web of relations, not disconnected from human conceptions of society, but embedded within them.

While the social sciences haven’t always recognised animals’ place both as part of society, and in shaping it, there has been a surge of interest across sociology and cognate disciplines in animals. Animals have become important and radical subjects in research, expanding the boundaries of what and who counts in the sociological imagination. Yet, they are less often included in the teaching of sociology. This module will bring novel and innovative ideas from critical animal studies and sociology to part two students with the core learning aim of understanding how animals are not just part of society, but actors that produce social, political, and cultural relations.

Each week, the module then takes a species or animal as its starting point into a sociological idea. Indicative topics include animals and social issues, animals and the environment, and animals and power. The module extends methods teaching with the inclusion of local or campus-based field trips.

• What counts as a disaster?
• Is it still reasonable to speak of ‘natural’ or human-made’ disasters?
• Do disasters have a beginning, middle and end?
• Is it possible to make disaster-proof systems?

This module uses case studies of disasters (technical and social) to explore these questions and what sociology can teach us about them.

The Experimental Cinema module introduces you to the non-mainstream, avant-garde, modes of production and the key movements and practices since the 1920s. You will be given the opportunity to study the theoretical concepts of historical and contemporary avant-garde movements and practices and witness the different ways artists and filmmakers have challenged the mainstream narrative and stylistic conventions. Throughout this module you will look at important figures in the development of experimental film aesthetics such as Man Ray, Maya Deren, Stan Brakhage, Michael Snow, Chantal Akerman as well as some lesser known, emerging contemporary experimental filmmakers.

The first half of the module provides a conceptual and historical overview of avant-garde filmmaking and the second half will focus on contemporary debates and the institutional shift in experimental film production with the rise of digital technology. As well as having the opportunity to develop an understanding of experimental cinema through reading and writing research papers, you will have a chance to engage with the formal and technical aspects of making an experimental film through practice-based assignments.

You will need to have completed Short Film Production or Documentary Film Practice in order to take this module.

How do we make sense of the various understanding of being a fan nowadays? How has the experience of being part of a media audience transformed over the decades in different parts of the world? In what ways do fan culture and audience community manifest social transformations in both the local and global scale?

This module aims to provide you with a critical understanding of fandom and audiences in a global and transnational context. You will first be introduced to the contested concepts and typologies of ‘audience’ and ‘fan’ and the cultural hierarchy of knowledge underneath theses definitions. The module will focus on four dimensions – participation, pleasure, performance, and power – by investigating fan culture and audience communities of a wide range of transmedia texts (television, music, film, and other media) in a global perspective. You will analyse the multi-layered dynamics between individual fan, fan community, audience participation, media texts, and the industry through sociological and interdisciplinary lenses, for example, cultural studies, feminist studies, queer studies, and postcolonial studies.

This module investigates gender inequalities within society through a focus on historical and contemporary debates in feminist theory and activism. The module has an `intersectional` focus that means we will consider gender inequalities as bound up with other forms of discrimination and marginalisation, particularly racial and ethnic inequalities, disability and social class.

The module will challenge you to think about `what feminism means today` through a consideration of key aspects of feminist thought and activism from the late 1960s onwards. We will consider the continued relevance of the idea of ‘The Personal is Political’ and ‘consciousness raising’. We will overview feminist approaches to social research and explore feminist interventions in practices of gender inequality, for example inequalities in paid and unpaid work, childcare and women’s health. You will complete an intergenerational interview research project on ‘women, work and social change’ through which you will analyse and reflect upon your experience of the research process.

We will also take the feminist manifesto as a central document which expresses lived experiences of gender inequalities and collective desire for social change. Through some practices of inequalities, such as art, beauty contests, capitalism and patriarchy, we will explore the contemporary resonance of ideas such as black feminisms, art activism, the occupy movement and backlash.

By the end of the module you will have been given the opportunity to become familiar with some of the key debates within feminism today. We aim for you to be able to make connections between feminist theory and forms of feminist practice. The module engages you in debate, original research and feminist activism through analysis of varied media including academic texts, advertising, art, film, news media and social media.

This third-year course will add to the theoretical, historical and cultural aspects of film investigated in Years 1 and 2, while focusing more closely on the challenging aesthetic and critical debates surrounding the concept of modernity. It will look at films made in the silent era, in post-war Europe and in Britain and the US. Writings on film will be considered in conjunction with viewings of particular films, close analysis of specific filmic techniques and methods, and historical and theoretical approaches to film. The course will also pay attention to the debates of classical and contemporary film theory, feminist approaches and other critical traditions (semiotics, structuralism, formalism, cognitivism). Students will be introduced to key debates in classical and contemporary film theory, with topics exploring the relations between film and art, cinema and politics, cinema and psychoanalysis, and, above all, the question of how films produce meaning(s).

Does food work as a cultural medium, through which we communicate and exchange meaning? What is considered edible in different contexts and at different points in history? What is ‘food poverty’ and how has it been constructed and represented in public and political debate? Why does the idea of the ‘family meal’ have cultural and moral significance? How is fast-food transforming cuisine and culture and our wider social world?

Food is so much more than ‘just’ fuel for the body - it is deeply symbolic, shaped by historical, social and cultural forces, our access to it marked economics and geography, and the ways that we shop for, prepare and eat stamped with our biography, ethnicity, social class and region. Curiosity about food cultures and the social meanings and significance of food have been foundational to cultural studies, sociology, anthropology and across the arts and social sciences. The recent explosion of food media demonstrates how food and eating works as a central medium through which we construct and communicate identity and create connections with others.

In particular the moral significance of food has sharpened in a climate of inequality where some experience food poverty and some pursue gastronomic pleasures as a marker of social mobility, consumer competence and (of course) good taste. We might argue, along with many scholars and researchers working in ‘critical food studies’, that how we prepare and eat food works to both summon memories and fasten us to heritage. We might also consider how food works to organise (in)justice and (in)equality, and the range of activist interventions and projects which seek to re-imagine more equitable and sustainable food systems.

Topics we will explore in this module might include:

• Good to eat/good to think with
• Foodie Culture
• Food Studio
• Industrial Food Complex
• Food (in)Equalities and Food (in)Justice
• Time and Technoscience
• Eating Well and Future Food

Fieldtrips may be part of the module, depending on availability of sites and partner guides - these will be guided visits to ‘food sites’ which will illuminate some of the topics we explore in the classroom

In this module, you will learn about the basics of journalism -- reporting and storytelling using digital technologies. From audio recording and video production to writing, photography, and innovations using data, technology, and interviews, this module is an introduction to journalism of today and tomorrow. You will also interact with key theories and practices of journalism, discussing and debating international perspectives. In the end, you will have a final journalistic product based on a story of your selection.

Belonging to a nation is widely seen to be as natural as belonging to a family or a home. This module will explore how such assumptions about national belonging come about by introducing students to a range of theoretical approaches and debates.

You will explore how notions of belonging are socially constructed, how the nation is defined, who belongs and who doesn’t. The module addresses these notions by examining what everyday practices, discourses and representations reveal about the ways people think about, and inhabit, the nation. The module also pays particular attention to nation formation in relation to debates about multiculturalism, diversity and migration and asks: What are the impacts of migration and multiculturalism on definitions of the nation? How is multiculturalism defined and perceived?

Although focus will be on the example of Britain, the issues raised will be of interest to all students concerned with the effects of nationalisms and ideas of belonging and entitlement, which many countries of the contemporary world are presently debating in the context of the 'Age of migration' (Castles and Miller 1998).

This module examines important shifts in the way we consume, co-create and interpret media. Canonical queer scholarship foregrounded questions of marginalisation, focussing on the way queer subjects are made invisible in media, but also on the rich creative possibilities of marginal and subcultural spaces. As media have radically changed, so has the depiction of queer lives. The popularity of shows like RuPaul's Drag Race, queer romcoms on streaming TV, and out queer global stars like Lil' Nas X and Rina Sawayama have been hailed as heralding a new progressive era of queer representation.

As some queer subjects have become more visible, however, important questions have arisen about the power and inequality in queer media studies. These range from concerns about the negative impact of visibility through culture wars and the toxicity of celebrity culture and social media, to questions about who is included in this framing of media as progressive. To examine these issues, we draw on intersectional queer theory that engages with postcolonial and critical race theories, crip theory, feminism and trans and non-binary gender studies.

Themes include (but are not limited to):

• Drag queens and kings
• Queer film - from New Queer Cinema to the present
• Queer scripted television
• Queer celebrity, body politics and intersectionality
• Queer comics and zines
• Documentary and reality television
• Music videos, music cultures and subcultures
• Camp, fashion and dress
• Queer performance cultures, live performance and virality

This module will provide a critical survey of the literature on the far right and its main theories and debates, as well as discussing how major sociological theories and concepts can apply to the topic such as; an overview of movement types and sub-types; an overview of the main concepts (far-right, fascism, populism, racism, white supremacy); and a historical and comparative analysis of the far right in different contexts in Europe, North America and the Global South.

Specific topics and issues which the module will cover include: far right electoral parties and policy; the concept of the lone actor digital/online far right activism and radicalisation; the relationship between the far right and the mainstream; populism and the white working class left behind media representation and platforming; far-right street protest; far right subcultures and ecosystems; the role of historical racism and fascism on our understanding of the far right; the relationship between systemic racism and right-wing extremism; terrorism and racist violence; and counter-extremism, counter-terrorism and criminal justice approaches to dealing with the far right. The module will also examine anti-racist, anti-fascist, decolonial and intersectional approaches to understanding and opposing the far right, and how they differ from and challenge conventional state security and prevention approaches.

This module offers an introduction to the broad area of silent cinema and to a range of critical approaches to this rich area of study. You will have the opportunity to view and analyse a number of important films. We will also explore a number of critical questions raised by this material with regard to the writing and study of histories of cinema (and popular culture in general). We will examine the relationships between technology and form, the economics of film production, distribution and reception, the relationship between cinema and national identity, the social and cultural impact of new (entertainment) media and the study of cinema audiences.

This module will explore how the politically powerful and the politically radical use the internet to consolidate and revolutionise the distribution of power around the globe.

Like many communication platforms before it, the internet is mobilised by the politically and economically powerful as well as those seeking radical change. However, unlike other platforms, it has created an almost universally accessible platform for public dialogue. Pro-democracy revolutionaries, freedom hackers, feminist mediasmiths, anti-capitalists, data leakers, and others use the internet to organise their social movements. Conversely, those opposed to the liberal project, such as authoritarians and extremist groups, also use the affordances of the internet to distribute their message and rally their supporters.

This module examines these issues and investigates the implications of “big data” control by governments and corporations. The module looks also at the understanding social networkers and other content uploaders have of this “big data” control along with the consequences that it comes with.

This module addresses contemporary debates in sociology and cinema by focusing on a single film each week. Its overall aim is to employ cinema for the purpose of social diagnosis.

The module engages with cinema as a social fact, before linking together cinema (producing images of the social) and sociality (socialisation of the image) for analysis.

This module analyses the relationship between society and terror, taking point of departure in the discussion of 9/11 and the political responses it has provoked. The module focuses on how different forms of terror are related to the changing nature of society and how terror can be theorized from a sociological point of view. It also explores how the study of terror can contribute to the discipline of sociology. An example of concepts covered are: terror, the war against terrorism, dispositif, nihilism, flow, consumerism, post-politics, politics of security.