where here is a constant since is proper, and all the have . So we can take linear combinations of such , and stay in . Also .
(C) Commutativity of multiplication follows from the corresponding property for polynomials;
(ID2) likewise;
(Diff) Also, we can differentiate
and the poles are at in open left half plane.
(ii) Whereas belongs to , the inverse is not proper, hence not in .