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 Ling 131: Language & Style
 
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 Topic 7 (session A) - The grammar of complex sentences > Tool summary

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Session Overview
SPOCA Review
Grammar made easy - the basic principles
Linking, listing and nesting clauses
More nesting
Text effects
Complex SPOCA self test
Linking, listing & nesting checksheet
Topic 7 'tool' summary
 
Useful Links
Readings

Topic 7 'tool' summary

In this session we have reviewed the basic grammar of simple sentences and clauses and explored how clauses are combined together to make more complex sentences using the principles of linking, listing and nesting.

We have explored the different kinds of directly nested clauses:

  • Adverbial clauses (AdvCls) are nested directly inside main clauses in the Adverbial slot and can be substituted for adverb phrases (AdvPs)

  • Noun clauses (NCls) are nested directly inside main clauses in the Subject, Object or Complement slot and can be substituted for noun phrases (NPs)

  • Prepositional clauses (PCls) can be nested directly inside main clauses in the Adverbial slot and can be substituted for prepositional phrases (PPs).

We have also explored the different kinds of indirectly nested clauses (nested inside phrases within clauses, and acting as modifiers of phrases)

  • Relative clauses (RCls) act as modifiers in NPs (like AdjPs and PPs) . . .

  • Comparative clauses (CCls) and Prepositional clauses (PCls) can act as modifiers in NPs, AdjPs or AdvPs.

Finally, we have explored some of the ways in which linking, listing and nesting can be used in texts to create particular effects and contribute towards particular styles.

Doing the reading will help you to consolidate what you have learned in this topic.

 

chuckle stop

 

 


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