Refers to the stability of the properties of a measurementinstrument (i.e., equality of factor structure, factor loadings and factorvariances) across different populations (e.g., males versus females) or acrossmultiple testing occasions (e.g., in longitudinal research). The measurement invariance of a psychometricinstrument can be assessed directly using confirmatory factor analysis.
See Factor analysis, Longitudinal studies, Latent factor/score/variable