Efficacy

The degree to which a clinical intervention relative to an appropriate control has a desired beneficial effect. This term is contrasted with efficiency: whether or not a treatment works after it is implemented in clinical practice.  In Piaget‘s theory, ‘efficacy’ refers to a fundamental type of experience in which the child assumes his or her emotions bring about certain events in the world. 

See False positive, Indices of efficacy, Preventive interventions, Self-efficacy