A domain of speech sciences (viz., phonology) thatfocuses on the freedoms and restrictions in a given language on permissible combinations ofvowels and consonants in syllables and words (e.g, types of consonantcombinations for clusters in English such that mb never occurs, but does so in Irish). All told, language-related phonotatics dictate which sounds precede and follow …
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Phonological rule
A formal expression that conveys a systematic relationship in sound patterns. Such rules,for example, have been proposed to account for variationsin the placement of stress and the alternations of vowel quality that occur insets of words. See Phonological process, Phonology
Phonological process
Final voiced consonant replaced by a voiceless consonant Typical phonological processes that occur during language acquisition See Cluster reduction, Final consonant devoicing, Lingua-velar (or velar), Liquid, Palate, Phonological rule, Phonology, Stopping
Phonological reading skills
Reading sub-skills that allow the reader to translate letters into sounds and blend these into words. See Decoding ability, Grapheme-phoneme correspondences, National Literacy Strategy, Orthography, Phonemic mastery, Phonological deficit hypothesis/model/theory, Phonics, Reading comprehension
Phonological pathway
System of mappings within a connectionist model of reading connecting orthographic and phonological units of representation. See Connectionist models, Orthographic reading skills, Mappings, Representation (mental)
Phonological dyslexia
Term used to refer to the reading profile in which real words can be read more accurately than non-words. Derived from studies of adult patients with acquired dyslexia, but also used to refer to a ‘sub-type’ of developmental dyslexia. See Dyslexia, Phonological deficit hypothesis/model/theory
Phonological loop
A component of the working memory model put forward by Alan Baddeley and Graham Hitch (see Baddeley (1986), sometimes referred to as the articulatory loop. It acts as a relatively passive slave system for the temporary manipulation of storage of verbal information, under the direction of the central executive. The phonological store is depicted as …
Phonological deficit hypothesis/model/theory
Terms used to refer to the theory that dyslexia is caused by a difficulty in the way in which the sound of words are represented and processed. See Dyslexia, Phonemic mastery, Phonological dyslexia, Phonological reading skills
Phonics
Asystem of teaching reading that focuses on the links between phonemes and theirwritten symbols, sometimes also including the links between larger units, suchonsets or rimes, and their written forms. ‘Onset’ refers to thefirst consonant(s) of a syllable, occurring before the vowel (e.g., ‘st’in stop, or ‘p’ in pink. Note that syllables have no initialconsonant(s) do not …
Phonological awareness
the ability to reflect consciously on the sound structure of a word.