Began with early radiographic techniques (e.g., angiogram), but the brain and any abnormalities remained unclear due to the fact it mainly consists of soft tissue. Images of the ventricles (fluid filled spaces) within the brain were obtained by the painful procedure of air injection. With the advent of computerised axial tomography (CAT ) using X-rays, detailed anatomical images of the brain became available for diagnostic and research purposes, and this was followed by structural magnetic resonance imaging.
See Brain (neuro-) imaging, Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging, Functional magnetic imaging (fMRI), Magnetic resonance Imaging (MRI), Structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI)