The process of exporting a language-based measure (e.g., a rating scale or interview) into a culture using a different language. After translation by a bilingual expert, the result is critiqued by people from the ‘new’ country, and then translated back into the original language by an independent linguist, often a professional translator. The result is scrutinised by the experts in the original country, and the process repeated until there is clear convergence of meaning.
See Cross-cultural psychology, Delphi method, Expert opinion