Superego

In Freudian psychoanalytical theory, a component of the tripartite model of the psychic apparatus that concerns ethical and moral conduct.  In this respect, it is a sort of arbitrator of the ego, which originates from a conflict between the id and the ego during development.  And during development, according to Freud, it emerges as a …

Sulcus

The grooves or infoldings found in the surface of the cerebral cortex. Week 12 Hemisphere surface no longer smooth – first sulci visible.  See Calcarine sulcus (or fissure), Cerebral cortex (or pallium), Gyrus, Limbic cortices, Lissencephaly, Meninges, Occipital cortex (or lobe)

Suckling

The behavioral interaction between infant mammals and their mothers associated with attachment to the nipple and ingestion of milk.  In non-human animals, suckling conventionally refers to the behavior of the infant, whereas nursing refers to the behavior of the mother.  With reference to humans, the terms often are reversed, with nursing referring to the infant’s …

Stuttering

An articulatory or phonatory disorder that typically presents in childhood and is characterised by anxiety about spoken communication, along with a disfluent speech pattern that may involve repetitions of sounds or words, prolongations of pauses or sounds, or other breaks in the normal flow of speech . See Apraxia, Articulation

Structure

As with function, a term with a wide variety of different meanings.  At a very general level, it is a complex construction or entity arranged in parts or organs or constituent particles in a substance, body or social organisation.  In structuralism, the aim is to identify unobservable structures that generate observable social, linguistic or cognitive …