In Freudian psychoanalytical theory, a component of the tripartite model of the psychic apparatus that concerns ethical and moral conduct. In this respect, it is a sort of arbitrator of the ego, which originates from a conflict between the id and the ego during development. And during development, according to Freud, it emerges as a …
Author Archives: Brian Hopkins
Sulcus
The grooves or infoldings found in the surface of the cerebral cortex. Week 12 Hemisphere surface no longer smooth – first sulci visible. See Calcarine sulcus (or fissure), Cerebral cortex (or pallium), Gyrus, Limbic cortices, Lissencephaly, Meninges, Occipital cortex (or lobe)
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS, cot or crib death)
The sudden death of a young infant or child that is unexpected by history and in which a thorough post-mortem examination fails to demonstrate an adequate cause of death. See Co-sleeping, Prone infant sleep position, Supine infant sleeping position
Suckling
The behavioral interaction between infant mammals and their mothers associated with attachment to the nipple and ingestion of milk. In non-human animals, suckling conventionally refers to the behavior of the infant, whereas nursing refers to the behavior of the mother. With reference to humans, the terms often are reversed, with nursing referring to the infant’s …
Subiculum
See Entorhinal cortex
Sub-ventricular zone
ricular zone:
Sub-ependymal periventricular germinal matrix
Tissue surrounding the ventricles, located just below their surface layer (the eponym), and in which neurones and glial cells are produced . See Glial cells, Ventricles
Stylopharyngeus
A muscle of the palate involved in swallowing.
Stuttering
An articulatory or phonatory disorder that typically presents in childhood and is characterised by anxiety about spoken communication, along with a disfluent speech pattern that may involve repetitions of sounds or words, prolongations of pauses or sounds, or other breaks in the normal flow of speech . See Apraxia, Articulation
Structure
As with function, a term with a wide variety of different meanings. At a very general level, it is a complex construction or entity arranged in parts or organs or constituent particles in a substance, body or social organisation. In structuralism, the aim is to identify unobservable structures that generate observable social, linguistic or cognitive …