LANCASTER UNIVERSITY 2022 UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH CONFERENCE
15th MARCH - 17th MARCH 2022
Jasmine Yi Xin Tang

Jasmine Yi Xin Tang

Psychology (Sunway) | Year 3 | Degree: BSc (hons) Psychology
FOMO as a new normal: Exploring the links between perceived social support, interdependent self-construal, and maximization with FoMO

Fear of missing out (FoMO) has become a ubiquitous phenomenon with the rapid growth of technologies. Although the term FoMO has proliferated into the vernacular and received frequent mentions in the popular media, there are inadequate FoMO studies in Asia, especially Malaysia. As FoMO was found to impact physical health and well-being negatively, it is important to study the contributing factors of FoMO. Therefore, this study investigated the relationships between perceived social support (PSS), interdependent self-construal, maximization, and FoMO through a correlational study using survey method. A total of 293 Malaysian young adults, aged 18 to 25, was recruited online using convenience sampling method to complete the Multidimensional Survey of Perceived Social Support scale, Self-Construal Scale, Maximization Scale, and Fear of Missing Out Scale. Results showed that interdependent self-construal and maximization positively correlated with FoMO, whereas PSS showed no significant relationship with FoMO. Maximization was the only variable that predicted FoMO. FoMO was discussed as a self-regulatory mechanism to satisfy the thwarted basic psychological needs. Besides satisfying the basic psychological needs, reduced social media usage was suggested as a FoMO alleviation mechanism as it reduces chances for social comparison that is prominent in both maximizers and salient interdependent self-construal individuals.

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Jasmine Yi Xin Tang
Jasmine Yi Xin Tang

Jasmine Yi Xin Tang

Psychology (Sunway) | Year 3 | Degree: BSc (hons) Psychology
FOMO as a new normal: Exploring the links between perceived social support, interdependent self-construal, and maximization with FoMO
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Background

Statistics show that you are not alone!

With the development of technologies, psychologists suggested that FoMO will become the new normal. Along with the negative consequences that come together, the need for research is imperative.

With SDT, the following independent variables were selected to study FoMO
With SDT, the following independent variables were selected to study FoMO

With SDT, three variables were selected to study FoMO

This study investigated the relationships between perceived social support,
interdependent self-construal, maximization, and FoMO.

Methodology

Results 

There was a significant, positive, weak correlation between interdependent self-construal and FoMO. H2 was accepted. 

i.e. Individuals with higher saliency of interdependent self-construal have a higher likelihood of experiencing FoMO

There was a significant, moderate, positive correlation between maximization and FoMO. H3 is accepted.

i.e. Individuals with higher maximization tendencies have a higher likelihood to experience FoMO

There was no significant relationship between perceived social support and FoMO. H1 was not accepted

Maximization is the only variable that showed significant results. H4 is partially accepted.

i.e. Maximization is the only significant predictor for FoMO

So what do these mean?

Discussion & Implication

 

 

 

 

 

Acknowledgement
Special thanks to my supervisor, Dr Wu Shin Ling, for her guidance throughout the project. Appreciate her patience and time, as well as the inspiration and knowledge imparted!

References
Alutaybi, A., Al-Thani, D., McAlaney, J., & Ali, R. (2020). Combating fear of missing out (FoMO) on social media: The FoMO-R method. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(17), Article 6128. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176128
Australian Psychology Society. (2015). Stress & wellbeing: How Australians are coping with life. https://www.headsup.org.au/docs/default-source/default-document-library/stress-and-wellbeing-in-australia-report.pdf?sfvrsn=7f08274d_4
Baker, Z. G., Krieger, H., & LeRoy, A. S. (2016). Fear of missing out: Relationships with depression, mindfulness, and physical symptoms. Translational Issues in Psychological Science, 2(3), 275-282. https://doi.org/10.1037/tps0000075
Barry, C. T., & Wong, M. Y. (2020). Fear of missing out (FoMO): A generational phenomenon or an individual difference? Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 37(12), 2952-2966. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407520945394
Berkman, L. F., Glass, T., Brissette, I., & Seeman, T. E. (2000). From social integration to health: Durkheim in the new millennium. Social Science & Medicine, 51(6), 843–857. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(00)00065-4
Dogan, V. (2019). Why do people experience the fear of missing out (FoMO)? Exposing the link between the self and FoMO through self-construal. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 50(4), 524-538. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022119839145
Hunt, M. G., Marx, R., Lipson, C., & Young, J. (2018). No more FOMO: Limiting social media decreases loneliness and depression. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 37(10), 751-768. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2018.37.10.751
Iyengar, S. S., & Lepper, M. R. (2000). When choice is demotivating: Can one desire too much of a good thing? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79(6), 995-1006. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.79.6.995
Dogan, V. (2019). Why do people experience the fear of missing out (FoMO)? Exposing the link between the self and FoMO through self-construal. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 50(4), 524-538. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022119839145
Hunt, M. G., Marx, R., Lipson, C., & Young, J. (2018). No more FOMO: Limiting social media decreases loneliness and depression. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 37(10), 751-768. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2018.37.10.751
Iyengar, S. S., & Lepper, M. R. (2000). When choice is demotivating: Can one desire too much of a good thing? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79(6), 995-1006. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.79.6.995
Milyavskaya, M., Saffran, M., Hope, N., & Koestner, R. (2018). Fear of missing out: Prevalence, dynamics, and consequences of experiencing FOMO. Motivation and Emotion, 42(5), 725-737. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-018-9683-5
Ren, D., Wesselmann, E. D., & Williams, K. D. (2013). Interdependent self-construal moderates coping with (but not the initial pain of) ostracism. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 16(4), 320–326. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajsp.12037
Riordan, B. C., Flett, J. A. M., Hunter, J. A., Scarf, D., Conner, T. S. (2015). Fear of missing out (FoMO): the relationship between FoMO, alcohol use, and alcohol-related consequences in college students. Journal of Psychiatry and Brain Functions, 2(9). https://doi.org/10.7243/2055-3447-2-9
Schwartz, B. W., Ward, A., Monterosso, J., Lyubomirsky, S., White, K., & Lehman, D. R. (2002). Maximizing versus satisficing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83(5), 1178-1197. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.83.5.1178
Schwartz, B. W., Ward, A., Monterosso, J., Lyubomirsky, S., White, K., & Lehman, D. R. (2011). Maximization Scale. PsycTESTS. https://dx.doi.org/10.1037/t03407-00
Singelis, T. M. (1994). Self-Construal Scale. PsycTESTS. https://doi-org.ezproxy.sunway.edu.my/10.1037/t09715-000
Singelis, T. M. (1994a). The measurement of independent and interdependent self-construals. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20, 580-591. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167294205014
Weaver, K., Daniloski, K., Schwarz, N., & Cottone, K. (2015). The role of social comparison for maximizers and satisficers: Wanting the best or wanting to be the best? Journal of Consumer Psychology, 25(3), 372–388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcps.2014.10.003
Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. PsycTESTS. https://doi-org.ezproxy.sunway.edu.my/10.1037/t02380-000
Zhang, Z., Jiménez, F. R., & Cicala, J. E. (2020). Fear of missing out scale: A self-concept perspective. Psychology & Marketing, 37(11), 1619-1634. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21406

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