Suppose that has (not necessarily distinct) eigenvalues such that for all . Then there exists such that
This follows from Corollary 40. The difference between in (iii) of the Proposition 111 and in the Lemma 117 is subtle, and historically important in the theory. Maxwell realised that the stronger hypothesis of the Lemma, strict inequality, is needed to cover the case of multiple eigenvalues, and deal with resonance.